Associated lifestyle factors and metabolic syndrome risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis – International Journal of Obesity.

Saklayen MG. The Global Epidemic of Metabolic Syndrome. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018; 20:12.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Huang PL. A comprehensive description of metabolic syndrome. Dis Model Mech. 2009;2:231–7.

Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Esposito K, Chiodini P, Colao A, Lenzi A, Giugliano D. Metabolic syndrome and cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2012;35:2402–11.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Zhang D, Liu X, Liu Y, Sun X, Wang B, Ren Y, et al. Leisure-time exercise and the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Metabolism. 2017;75:36–44.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Sun K, Liu J, Ning G. Active smoking and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e47791.

Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Fabiani R, Naldini G, Chiavarini M. Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Energy. 2019;11:2056.

Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Alkerwi A, Boutsen M, Vaillant M, Barre J, Lair ML, Albert A, et al. Alcohol consumption and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Atherosclerosis. 2009;204:624–35.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Xie J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Vgontzas AN, Basta M, Chen B, et al. Sleep duration and the metabolic syndrome: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2021;59:101451.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Kuo WC, Bratzke LC, Oakley LD, Kuo F, Wang H, Brown RL. The relationship between stress and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2019;20:1651–64.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Sigit FS, Trompet S, Tahapary DL, Harbuwono DS, and Cessie S, Rosendaal FR, et al. Adherence to health guidelines on metabolic syndrome: Findings from the Indonesian national health surveys 2013 and 2018. Prev Med Rep. 2022;27:101806.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Vajdi M, Karimi A, Farhangi MA, Ardekani AM. Relationship between health factors and risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr. 2023; 23:16.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Sotos-Prieto M, Ortola R, Ruiz-Canela M, Garcia-Esquinas E, Martinez-Gomez D, Lopez-Garcia E, et al. Association between Mediterranean lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and mortality: a nationwide cohort in Spain. Cardiovasc. 2021; 20:5.

CAS Google Scholar

Dehghani Firouzabadi F, Jayedi A, Asgari E, Akbarzadeh Z, Janbozorgi N, Djafarian K, et al. Association of Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Score With Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of Iranian Adults. First Nutr. 2021;8:735174.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Ra JS, Kim H. Combined Effects of Healthy Lifestyles on Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women. Health care. 2021; 9:05.

Google Scholar

Ye Y, Zhou Q, Dai W, Peng H, Zhou S, Tian H, et al. Gender differences in metabolic syndrome and its components in southern China using health index: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2023;23:686.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Yoon J, Kim J, Mora H. Gender Differences in Health Behaviors at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome for Middle-Aged People: A Cross-sectional Study in South Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18:01.

Article Google Scholar

Kwasniewska M, Kaleta D, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E, Drygas W. Behavioral, lifestyle and social characteristics of people with metabolic syndrome. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2009;17:14–9.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Sotos-Prieto M, Bhupathiraju SN, Falcon LM, Gao X, Tucker KL, Mattei J. Health Statistics Associated with Cardiometabolic and Neuroendocrine Risks among Puerto Rican Adults. J Nutr. 2015;145:1531–40.

Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Smith WA, Li C, Nottage KA, Mulrooney DA, Armstrong GT, Lanctot JQ, et al. Lifestyle and metabolic syndrome in adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Cancer. 2014;120:2742–50.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Lee JA, Cha YH, Kim SH, Park HS. Impact of lifestyle factors on metabolic syndrome in Korean men. J Public Health (Oxf). 2017;39:82–9.

PubMed Google Scholar

Hershey MS, Sotos-Prieto M, Ruiz-Canela M, Christophi CA, Moffatt S, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, et al. The Mediterranean lifestyle (MEDLIFE) index and metabolic syndrome in non-Mediterranean working people. Clin Nutr. 2021;40:2494–503.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Romero-Cabrera JL, Garcia-Rios A, Sotos-Prieto M, Quintana-Navarro G, Alcala-Diaz JF, Martin-Piedra L, et al. Adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle improves metabolic status in heart disease patients: a prospective analysis from the CORDIOPREV study. J Intern Med. 2023;293:574–88.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Farhadnejad H, Parastouei K, Rostami H, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Diet and inflammatory lifestyle are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2021; 13:30.

Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Mirmiran P, Farhadnejad H, Teymoori F, Parastouei K, Azizi F. High adherence to good health practices is associated with reduced risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults. Nutr Bull. 2022;47:57–67.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Garralda-Del-Villar M, Carlos-Chilleron S, Diaz-Gutierrez J, Ruiz-Canela M, Gea A, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, et al. Health status and incidence of metabolic syndrome in the SUN cohort. Energy. 2018;11:65.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Barbaresko J, Riens J, Nothlings U. Lifestyle Indices and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Meta-analysis. I J Prev Med. 2018;55:555–64.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Zhang Y, Pan XF, Chen J, Xia L, Cao A, Zhang Y, et al. Associated lifestyle factors with incident type 2 diabetes risk and prognosis among people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of the group. Diabetology. 2020; 63:21–33.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Zhang YB, Pan XF, Chen J, Cao A, Zhang YG, Xia L, et al. Associated factors of lifestyle, incident cancer, and cancer mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Br J Cancer. 2020;122:1085–93.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: updated guidance for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Zeng X, Zhang Y, Kwong JS, Zhang C, Li S, Sun F, et al. Methodological evaluation tools for preclinical and clinical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and clinical practice guidelines: a systematic review. J Evid Based Med. 2015;8:2–10.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Chen D, Zhi Q, Zhou Y, Tao Y, Wu L, Lin H. Association between Dental Caries and BMI in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Caries Res. 2018;52:230–45.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Mamikutty R, Aly AS, Marhazlinda J. Selection Risk of Bias Materials for Study Subjects for a Systematic Review of Anthropometric and Dental Measurements in Children. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:8623.

Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar

Krishnamoorthy Y, Rajaa S, Murali S, Sahoo J, Kar SS. Association between behavioral risks and metabolic syndrome among Indian adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022;32:40–52.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Hu J, Zhu X, Yuan D, Ji D, Guo H, Li Y, et al. Association of sleep duration and sleep quality with risk of metabolic syndrome in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrynol Pol. 2022;73:968–87.

Article PubMed Google Scholar

Tenk J, Matrai P, Hegyi P, Rostas I, Garami A, Szabo I, et al. Perceived stress is associated with visceral obesity and lipid parameters of the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018;95:63–73.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Godos J, Zappala G, Bernardini S, Giambini I, Bes-Rastrollo M, Martinez-Gonzalez M. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is inversely related to the incidence of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017; 68:138–48.

Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar

Sun K, Ren M, Liu D, Wang C, Yang C, Yan L. Alcohol consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr. 2014;33:596–602.

Article PubMed Google Scholar